Impacts of agricultural reforms on the farming sector in. Agricultural development intervention programmes in. The growth enhancement support scheme gess was initiated by the nigerian government to boost agricultural production through the provision of smart subsidies on some farm inputs to small. Most existing research concentrate on institutional and macropolicy issues and. Often, the intervention takes place through the market, and the aim is to improve or stabilize the economic conditions. Nigerias urban population has outstripped the rural population. The comprehensive agricultural policy framework document gives the situation analysis of the agricultural sector, highlights the vision, goals, objectives and detailed policy statements and strategies for the development of the zimbabwean agricultural sector during the period 2012. Surep, subsidy, fuel subsidy, unemployment, youth unemployment, employment generation in nigeria 1. Challenges of agricultural adaptation to climate change in. Mbah2 1department of agricultural extension, university of nigeria, nsukka, nigeria 2department of agricultural extension and communication, university of agriculture, makurdi, nigeria. A key challenge to nigerias capacity to effectively increase its. Opportunities and challenges in enhancing agriculture in.
Abuja, nigeria, hosted the africa fertilizer summit under the auspices of the. Agricultural policy packages need to be both coherent and efficient to enable the sector to develop its full potential and achieve key public policy objectives. An agricultural subsidy also called an agricultural incentive is a government incentive paid to agribusinesses, agricultural organizations and farms to supplement their income, manage the supply of agricultural commodities, and influence the cost and supply of such commodities. The challenges of agriculture and rural development in. Opportunities and challenges in enhancing agriculture in zambia. Agricultural policy monitoring and evaluation oecd. Introduction historically, nigeria was not known for production of oil rather nigeria was an agrarian society, however. August 2017 nigeria food and agriculture organization. Agriculture sector is the backbone of malawis economy. Agricultural input subsidies are again contentious today in policy debate over marketsmart subsidies, making this a particularly pertinent topic to explore in this ids bulletin. Nigeria needs to tackle some of its major challenges in order to transform its output potential, e. Constraints to agricultural development in nigeria ojeka godfrey ofana1, effiong charles efefiom2 and eko eko omini1 1department of economics, federal university lafia, nasarawa state, nigeria 2department of economics, university of calabar, nigeria abstract.
In, 2015, the agricultural sector contributed about 23% of. On the other hand, many economists argue that agricultural subsidies of all kinds are expensive, mainly benefit the. Therefore, it is the illitrate farmers that is responsible for accepting most of the new techniques and improved new seedlings etc. Ibrahim school of vocational education, federal college of education, kano. Agricultural policy an overview sciencedirect topics. Research article challenges facing agricultural extension. One of such subsidy packages is the ewallet system introduced in 2014 under the agricultural transformation agenda ata through which subsidized electronic vouchers for inputs were delivered directly to the farmers mobile phones and then the vouchers were used as cash to purchase the inputs directly from agrodealers. The problems and prospects of agricultural education in nigeria by halima e. An overview of the growth enhancement support scheme gess.
Putting nigerias agriculture sector on a path to growth will require actions to solve these two gaps. In all the agricultural development divisions add, however, smallholder. Gender differences and challenges in cassava production. Nchuchuwe, friday francis department of public administration, faculty of management sciences, lagos state university, ojo, lagos state, nigeria adejuwon, kehinde david department of public administration, faculty of management sciences, lagos state university. Nigerian case, fertilizer subsidy does not effectively target the rural poor. This paper discusses the challenges of agricultural adaptation to climate change in nigeria under the categories adapted from fao, 2001 hunger and poverty. The latter challenge is driven by an equally inefficient system for. Nigeria agricultural cooperative and rural development bank. The challenges of food security in nigeria article pdf available in open access library journal 0412. According to takeshima and liverpooltasie 20, fertilizer subsidy alone. The institute of development studies ids has contributed to african agricultural policy debate which has featured prominently in growth and poverty reduction assessment in subsaharan africa. In fact, it was the mainstay of the nations economy before the discovery of oil petroleum.
Agriculture as a development issue will remain a core challenge for nigeria for the coming. In nigeria, agricultural input subsidy occupies 2014 to include gross. Agricultural inputs are a range of materials which may be used to make. It observes that african agriculture remains largely.
This policy framework addresses current challenges. Similar results have been obtained in countries as varied as argentina, chile, colombia, nigeria, and zaire. To address the challenge, nigeria s should adopt a twintrack approach, both encouraging agribusiness and supporting the large population of smallholders. Agricultural input subsidies in subsaharan africa tamahi kato and martin greeley abstract. Agriculture as a development issue will remain a core challenge for nigeria for the coming decades. Input subsidy programs isps are among the most contentiously debated of development issues in subsaharan africa ssa.
The ttest analysis shows that farmers joined the farmer cooperatives societies mainly to access credit. Nigeria bore the brunt of agricultural development efforts egwu and akubuilo, 2007. Government has now developed the national agriculture policy nap in order to provide clear and comprehensive policy guidance in agriculture. The sector accounts for about 93 per cent of the total export earnings, provides more than 80 per cent of the total employment and contributes about 27 per cent of the country gdp5. This situation quickly polarized the nation into high and low income groups. In nigeria, agricultural input subsidy occupies a central role in the policy tools of the government umar et al. Agriculture was seen as a sector that has appropriate linkage with other sectors and significant chang should be developed in complementarity with other sectors thereby. Agricultural input subsidies in subsaharan africa ids. Intervention through agricultural policy is a very important phenomenon in the agricultural sector in many countries. Achieving food selfsufficiency on a national basis is a high priority for the government of malawi. Table 3 national and agricultural budgets and fertilizer subsidy cost,1990 2001 16.
Challenges of subsidy and reinvestment programme surep. The challenges of agriculture and rural development in africa. Gender differences and challenges in cassava production and processing in abia state, nigeria. The goal of the farm input subsidy program fisp is to enhance food selfsufficiency by increasing smallholder farmers access to and use of improved agricultural inputs, thereby boosting the incomes of resourcepoor farmers. For this study, an agricultural subsidy is understood as a government payment in cash or inkind made to farmers andor agribusinesses to supplement their income, manage the supply of agricultural commodities, and influence the cost and supply of such commodities. Most existing research concentrate on institutional and macropolicy issues. Farmers cooperatives and agricultural development in. Climate change is perhaps the most serious environmental threat to the fight against hunger, malnutrition, disease and poverty in africa, mainly through its impact on agricultural productivity. Squealing to the discovery of petroleum, nigeria has rapidly grown into a major food importing nation as the government has become neglectful of the agricultural sector since petroleum is considered a more viable resource for economic development. New challenges and options for international policy stefan tangermann on behalf of the e15 expert group on agriculture, trade and food security challenges january 2016 note the policy options paper is the result of a collective process involving all members of the e15 expert group on agriculture, trade and food security challenges.
In nigeria, the government institution responsible for agriculture in nigeria, its development and transformation is the federal ministry of agriculture and rural development fmard. Challenges and opportunities for raising agricultural productivity in malawi it is noted that tobacco occupies more land than maize in kasungu add the main producing area for the crop. Abstract the problems and prospects of agricultural education in nigeria was examined. Department of agricultural extension, university of nigeria, nsukka. For some years now, one of the most taunting and complex socioeconomic policy issues in nigeria remains the issue of fuel subsidy removal. A significant portion of the agricultural sector in nigeria involves cattle herding, fishing, poultry, and lumbering, which contributed more than 2 percent to the gdp in the 1980s. Constraints to increasing agricultural productivity in nigeria. Opinions about the role of fertilizer subsidies in agricultural development in sub saharan africa. This research work assesses the impact of agricultural policies on nigerian economy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the experiences of recent applications of agricultural input subsidies in subsaharan africa ssa. This is critical to rural food security, social cohesion and poverty alleviation. International food policy research institute ifpri smallscale farming in nigeria is characterized by a low level of investment and unequal access to key resources. At the federal level, a major challenge was the loss of institutional. Public subsidies on agricultural inputs in nigeria are usually justified on several.
The role of agriculture in accelerating economic growth and development. On the one hand, agricultural input use in ssa is very low by international standards, and the hope is that subsidies may. Nigerias food security challenges will grow with its population. Development of nigerias agricultural subsector will be imperative if meaningful and sustainable national development is envisaged. The sector is facing a number of challenges related to meeting future demands for food, fuel, fibre and ecoservices in a more sustainable manner in the context of a changing climate. Unfortunately, while only small fraction of the population benefited. Henning otte hansen, in reference module in food science, 2016.
Agriculture in nigeria contributes 5% of the economic goods exported out of nigeria, while the other 95% of exports is made up of petroleum and petroleum products. These issues underline the special challenges confronting ghana to sustain and accelerate agriculture growth in the face of economic transformation. Nigeria agriculture, information about agriculture in nigeria. Opinions about the role of fertilizer subsidies in agricultural development in subsaharan africa. The study covered the key issues on nigerian agricultural policies especially as it concerned the formulation and implementation of agricultural policies and programmes as well as their achievements in the agricultural sector in nigeria. The impacts of agricultural input subsidies in malawi.
At current food production growth rates, nigeria remains unable to feed its population. A subsidy is generally understood as positive income for food producers, but. The agricultural sector accounts for onefifth of ghanas gross domestic product gdp. The problems and prospects of agricultural education in. This article examines the use of agricultural subsidies policies through an analysis of design and implementation issues in five ssa countries before drawing on a detailed tanzanian case study. Indications of problems in the nigerian agriculture, however, started to emerge. Of these challenges, financing is one of particular importance to the central bank. Challenges and opportunities for raising agricultural. Nigerian national and agricultural budgets and fertilizer subsidy costs, 1990. The nigerian agricultural sector has also suffered low output which has led to the massive importation of food items to feed the everincreasing populace. Problems of agriculture in nigeria and probable solutions the agricultural sector in nigeria is undoubtedly the highest employer of labour, employing about 70percent of the nigerian labour force. Introduction agricultural policy in nigeria has witnessed several changes since the colonial and post independence years yusuf, 2004. Agricultural development intervention programmes in nigeria 1960 to date.